Too many to name! My set projects might not be along the lines of what you're looking for, but here are mine.
I started with the Upper Deck set (S1 and S2) in 2011-12 because I liked the idea of having complete sets of Young Guns. This has been an annual project since.
Then I started going back to the original Upper Deck sets, and building them one year at a time, and I'm currently working on 1994-95.
A few years ago, 2017-18, I added O-Pee-Chee to my annual set building since it's probably the closest product to when I started collecting.
Every once in a while I'll work on a set because I'll pull a card and I like the look of it, just as you said - 2011-12 Contenders Patch Autographs was one that I spent a while building after pulling the Denis Savard from a box. That's probably the closest one to your example, as most of my set projects are base cards, but I enjoyed the challenge of this one.
2000-01 Aurora is also a big project of mine which started because I found a good deal on about 8 boxes, so I thought I'd give it a try, and I'm down to 80 cards, most of which are harder parallels but I'm making progress.
Based on my experience I would say that depending on the project, patience is a must. There are cards I've had to wait years for that don't even seem like they should be hard to find. But it's a nice feeling when you finally land it!